{"id":1018,"date":"2011-01-03T12:58:27","date_gmt":"2011-01-03T19:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/?p=1018"},"modified":"2011-01-03T12:58:27","modified_gmt":"2011-01-03T19:58:27","slug":"4g-or-not-4g-that-is-the-question","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/2011\/01\/4g-or-not-4g-that-is-the-question\/","title":{"rendered":"4G, or not 4G &#8211; that is the question"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Someone asked me this weekend about 4G Wireless; <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/4G\">Wikipedia has a good basic description<\/a>. (Plus I also watched <a href=\"http:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt0116477\/\">Kenneth Branagh&#8217;s Hamlet<\/a> this weekend (OK, it is Shakespeare&#8217;s Hamlet &#8211; as interpreted by Branagh) Excellent DVD)<\/p>\n<h2>ITU Requirements<\/h2>\n<p>This article uses 4G to refer to\u00a0<strong>IMT-Advanced<\/strong> (<em>International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced<\/em>), as defined by\u00a0<a title=\"ITU-R\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ITU-R\">ITU-R<\/a>. An IMT-Advanced\u00a0<a title=\"Mobile phone\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mobile_phone\">cellular system<\/a> must fulfill the following requirements:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>All-IP communications.<\/li>\n<li>Peak data rates of up to approximately 100\u00a0Mbit\/s for high mobility such as mobile access and up to approximately 1\u00a0Gbit\/s for low mobility such as nomadic\/local wireless access, according to the ITU requirements.<\/li>\n<li>Scalable channel bandwidth, between 5 and 20\u00a0MHz, optionally up to 40\u00a0MHz.<sup id=\"cite_ref-IMT-Advanced-requirements_5-0\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/4G#cite_note-IMT-Advanced-requirements-5\">[6]<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-IMT-Advanced-requirements_5-1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/4G#cite_note-IMT-Advanced-requirements-5\">[6]<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-6\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/4G#cite_note-6\">[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Peak\u00a0<a title=\"Link spectral efficiency\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Link_spectral_efficiency\">link spectral efficiency<\/a> of 15 bit\/s\/Hz in the downlink, and 6.75 bit\/s\/Hz in the uplink (meaning that 1\u00a0Gbit\/s in the downlink should be possible over less than 67\u00a0MHz bandwidth)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"System spectral efficiency\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/System_spectral_efficiency\">System spectral efficiency<\/a> of up to 3 bit\/s\/Hz\/cell in the downlink and 2.25 bit\/s\/Hz\/cell for indoor usage<sup id=\"cite_ref-IMT-Advanced-requirements_5-2\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/4G#cite_note-IMT-Advanced-requirements-5\">[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Confusion has often been caused by some mobile carriers who have launched products advertised as 4G but which are actually current so-called 3.9G technologies, and therefore do not follow the ITU-R defined principles for 4G standards.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Someone asked me this weekend about 4G Wireless; Wikipedia has a good basic description. (Plus I also watched Kenneth Branagh&#8217;s Hamlet this weekend (OK, it is Shakespeare&#8217;s Hamlet &#8211; as interpreted by Branagh) Excellent DVD) ITU Requirements This article uses 4G to refer to\u00a0IMT-Advanced (International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced), as defined by\u00a0ITU-R. An IMT-Advanced\u00a0cellular system must &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/2011\/01\/4g-or-not-4g-that-is-the-question\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">4G, or not 4G &#8211; that is the question<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[6,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1018","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-geek-stuff","category-general"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4NpF-gq","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1018","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1018"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1018\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1020,"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1018\/revisions\/1020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1018"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1018"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stardel.com\/eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1018"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}